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 The Nobel Peace Prize is one of the five original Nobel Prizes established by the will of Alfred Nobel, the inventor of dynamite, in 1895. It is awarded annually to individuals, organizations, or movements that have made significant contributions to peace.

🕊️ Overview of the Nobel Peace Prize

📜 Origins

Established by: Alfred Nobel’s will (written in 1895)

First awarded: 1901

Administered by: The Norwegian Nobel Committee, unlike other Nobel Prizes which are awarded in Sweden

Location of award ceremony: Oslo City Hall, Norway (others are awarded in Stockholm)

🏅 Purpose and Criteria

Alfred Nobel stated in his will that the Peace Prize should go to:

“the person who shall have done the most or the best work for fraternity between nations, for the abolition or reduction of standing armies and for the holding and promotion of peace congresses.”

In modern times, the interpretation has expanded to include:

Human rights efforts

Mediation in conflict

Disarmament

Climate change awareness

Promotion of democracy and social justice

👩‍⚖️ Selection Process

Nominations: Invited individuals and organizations (e.g., university professors, former laureates, international judges) submit nominations.

Review: The Norwegian Nobel Committee reviews candidates, typically narrowing to a short list.

Investigation: Experts conduct thorough background reviews and reports on the finalists.

Decision: The Nobel Committee votes and announces the laureate(s), usually in early October.

Award Ceremony: Held on December 10, the anniversary of Alfred Nobel’s death.

🧑‍🤝‍🧑 Notable Laureates

YearLaureate(s)Reason1964Martin Luther King Jr.Nonviolent struggle against racial inequality1979Mother TeresaWork for the poor in Calcutta1993Nelson Mandela & F.W. de KlerkPeaceful transition from apartheid in South Africa2009Barack ObamaEfforts to strengthen international diplomacy2014Malala Yousafzai & Kailash SatyarthiFight against child labor and for education2021Maria Ressa & Dmitry MuratovSafeguarding freedom of expression2023Narges MohammadiFighting oppression of women in Iran and promoting human rights 

❗ Controversies

Henry Kissinger (1973): Accused of supporting war efforts despite peace talks in Vietnam.

Barack Obama (2009): Awarded early in his presidency, sparking debate over merit.

Not Awarded: In some years (e.g., during World Wars), no prize was awarded due to lack of suitable candidates or ongoing conflict.

💡 Fun Facts

Only the Peace Prize is awarded in Norway, not Sweden.

The youngest laureate: Malala Yousafzai at age 17.

Organizations like the Red Cross (ICRC) and the UN have received the award multiple times.